Water Management Problem in Developing Countries †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Water Management Problem in Developing Countries. Answer: Introduction: Freshwater is an extremely precious but finite resource which is imperative for sustaining life. It is because water is crucial in every aspect of life. It is to be understood that adequate water supply should be present for people of present as well as future generations. In addition to this the quality and quantity of water flow need to be maintained for the ecosystem functions. In several developing countries the availability of water is subject to large seasonal or inter-annual fluctuations. Water is essential for food production, economic growth, environmental support and the sustainability of life. Water is utilized for domestic uses as well as industrial for the purpose of day-to-day activities. The purpose statement which this report aims to address is about the water management problem in the developing countries of the World as the depletion of water reserves is a major issue and for sustaining life on earth, water is utmost important. Findings: Problems: The value of water and water management has been major issues and several debates have been carried out regarding this issue. There are 261 river basins which cross the political boundaries of two or more countries. Around 45.3% of the land surface accounts for around 80% of the global river run off and it also affects around 40% of the total population on earth. Severe mismanagement of water is a serious issue in countries like India specifically (Worthington, 2013). The two major problems are floods and salty groundwater (Dinar Zilberman, 2012). Solutions: The solution for management of floods is large scale irrigation projects to help management and protect from environmental hazards. Plantations can also improve the impact of water flow on soil erosion. The possible solutions are the use of gypsum, the use of molasses and cane sugar extracts and also the cultivation of salt resistant varieties. Discussion: The main challenges for the achievement of water security are meeting basic needs, securing the food supply, protection of the ecosystems, sharing the water resources, management of the risks, valuing of the water as well as governing the water wisely. Meeting of the basic needs includes a preparatory process of water management, understanding the fact that water and sanitation are most basic of the human needs and they are essential for health as well as well being and also for the empowerment of people (Marlow et al., 2013). The proper and equitable allocation of water is necessary for food production, specifically of the poor and the vulnerable. The water supply should also be maintained for the integrity of the ecosystems by the sustainable management of water resources (Loehr, 2012). Risk management needs to be properly done in order to provide security from floods, droughts, pollution and other water related hazards. The water needs to be managed in a way which reflects the cost of their provision and hence the need for equity should also be taken into account. In order to ensure the proper governance the involvement of the public and the interests of all the stakeholders need to be kept in mind (Boyd Tucker, 2012). Conclusion: The competition over shared resources, especially water cannot be a root cause of social, economic as well as political tension. This needs to be kept in mind in cases where water is scarce, wherever the place is or not. Surface water resources are derived from rivers, even within countries and the activities are designed to develop and also develop a coordinated strategy. It can be safely said that the greatest economic benefits of the improved supply of water, sanitation as well as water resources management will be experienced in those countries where there are the greatest water challenges. Thus investing in improved water and sanitation, drinking and major other uses is beneficial for the developing countries and specifically its poor people. Investments in public health and management of water leads to better adaptive capabilities to climate variability and also improved services of ecosystem. There are economic highlights of investing in water as well. Increased productivity and production within the economic sectors might be one of the reasons which might influence the people to invest in water. Recommendations: The people need to be made aware of the existing scenario of the availability of water specifically as well as other natural resources. It will also encourage the people to rediscover the specific elements of the ecosystem that contribute to the environment and sustainability nad hence protect and conserve them. Institutions or processes to learn from experiences of the developed countries need to be employed so that the same mistakes are not repeated (Faria Bagajewicz, 2012). The developed countries need to fulfil the commitments made at UNCED in Rio regarding the funding of environmental protection projects in the developing countries. The governments should closely link their national policies with regional and international policies in order to achieve maximum progress in areas of water pollution prevention linked strategy and also other areas like water, natural resource recovery, biodiversity protection and so on. All countries need to maintain their commitments regarding the proposals for follow up activities on water conservation along with other environmental components (Schultz Engman, 2012). 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